How to do Final Year Projects

In this post i am sharing for the sake of thousands of students who are studying Computer Science and Information technology have to do their final year projects. Most of the students are thinking about the Title,Methodology,Tools,and other related issues regarding their final year projects.The final year projects are considered as one of the core modules for computer science students and Information Technology Students at UG levels.

The Final year project aims to let the students to combine and utilize almost all core courses they have studied during their under graduate journey and to implement the idea using software development tools.Although the projects are mostly individual projects,however,there are cases where group projects are considered as final year projects. When it comes to the action point,students face many issues such as:

• What is a proper topic that i can choose?
• How can i conduct my Project?
• Which methodology is good enough for my project?
• What are the stages that i should go through?
• What kind of tools should i use?
• How can i prepare my report ?
• What kind of documents should i submit?

How to choose a project:

To choose a proper topic is the first step in doing your project. Where you are studying, your college will be publish list of projects.The first step is to choose your project topic,it is very important to dedicate a proper amount of time in order to make your decision. It is better to choose a topic,which is truly of your interest.Also choose a topic where you interested areas such as programming,data base,networking,data mining etc...So, choose a topic which is helpful for your future career as well.
The following things make you to choose your project:

• Interest in topic decides your passion for work
• Interest drives your project and related work
• You will be eager to know more and more,if you are interested in given topic at hand
• If you and your college have better resources,use maximum of it,this will helps you accelerate the speed of project under taking
• Project cost is the main factor which drives the complete project
• First make sure of Costing factor before choosing costly project
• Always approach relevant guide who is capable of guiding in the subject you have chosen
• Never choose a guide who is not really interested in your work. Do take advice from seniors about him/her

Project Planning:

The next step,after you selected your project topic,is project planning. Project plan in a simple format is a document that explains what is going to be done,when it is going to be done,who is going to be do it,where this going to be done,and how is going to be done.

The following are questions about project plan:

1. What are the main steps that the project goes through?
2. What the project timeline(i.e.what happens when)
3. In what time project should be deliver?
4. What is the project quality criteria?
5. How the project would be conducted?

Requirement Specifications:

Although requirement specification is very important in all kind of projects,but in your final year project,it become even more crucial.The reason in other projects,sometimes there are some ways boosting the development process. It can be happen by asking more time,or more budget or more human resources.But in the case of final year project can be applied these.Because academic period can not be extend and no one can be added to your project.Therefore it is highly crucial for you to know what going to do.

So several modules and approaches have been designed and introduced for the requirement management during past decades in the software industry. The following are the main requirements:

• Functional Requirements
• Usability Requirements
• Reliability
• Performance
• Supportability

Use Case Modeling:

Use Case Modeling helps to developers to capture,organize,and manage requirements. It is useful tool in other development stages such as analysis,design and testing. It can be used in users guide preparing and even in user training process.

Use case is the way that user can communicate with the system. User asks to perform some function and system response  to the user's request through a course of actions.

Data Base Design:
Data Base Design plays a major role in application systems. DBMS is a software system,which manages database construction,update,and access control,and maintenance. I assume that your are familiar with some DBMSs such as MySql, Ms SQL,Oracle etc..You have to choose a DBMS as the database tool for your final year project if you are going to develop a database application.

Most of the final year projects are dealing with databases.If your project includes a database or if it is a database application then you have to design a proper database.However,RDBMS is most popular database,both in the market and education.

Implementation:

The implementation phase is the stage is that make your system alive.This is the time that you make your system real based your blueprints which you have prepared during the previous stages.You need to select and utilize an implementation tool.Your implementation tool should be adaptable with your methodology and should be able to support your design materiel. When you are decided to follow an object-oriented method you should choose an implementation tool such as JAVA,.NET,PYTHON etc...

Testing:
Evaluation and testing is an unavoidable part of any software and information technology projects. Despite my suggestion on the simplification of software development process in your final year project, i would like to pay as much attention as you can to the testing process. I strongly recommended is to utilize Use Cases,which you have documented in the analysis phase,in the testing stage.

Report Writing:

Most of the college provide you with a template based on which you would prepare your final report. You can find a template for the report structure below. However,depending on your specific project you may revise it.

Report Structure:

Cover page
Abstract
Acknowledgement 
Table of contents
List of Tables
Introduction
Methodology
solutions
Requirement Management
Analysis
Design
User Interface Design
Database Design
Software Design
Implementation
Testing
Conclusion and Feature work

This is all about how to do final year project of engineering college students. I hope you enjoy this post keep follow me for latest updates.

Marker Interface in Java

In this article we will discuss about Marker Interface in Java,what is the use of Marker Interface and in which situation we used in Java.

What is Marker Interface:

Marker interface is an interface with no fields or methods.By implementing an interface if our objects will get some ability, Such type of interfaces are called "marker" or "tag interface".

Examples: Serializable interface,Cloneable interface and Remote interface

Use of Marker interface:

Marker interface is used to indicate something to compiler or JVM that the class implementing any of these would have some ability.The main purpose of Marker interface is to mark the class with a special meaning that can be used in a particular context.

For example:Serializable interface,this interface is used to mark serialization and deserialization of an object.When a class implements serialization,it informs that it can be serialized. The actual serialization is handled by ObjectInputStream and ObjectOutputStream class though.

Similarly cloneable interface,it is also used to mark the cloning operation.An object of a class which implements Cloneable interface is eligible for field copying of an object.For actual cloning,a class has to override clone() method in Object.

How to create user defined Marker interface:

To create our own Marker interface,you need to create an interface without any method and that is your marker interface. Client code can test whether an object is an instance of the marker interface and adapt it's behavior accordingly. The following examples says the marker interface.

Example 1:

interface student
{
}
class Mpcs implements student
{
public void Batch()
{
if(this instanceof Mpcs)
System.out.println("student is a MPCS Batch");
else
System.out.println("student is not a MPCS Batch");
}
}
public class TestClass
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Mpcs m=new Mpcs();
m.Batch();
}
}
Output:

 




Example 2:

interface Deposit
{
}
interface Withdraw
{
}
class Money implements Deposit
{
static void  MoneyByDeposit()
{
System.out.println("Money is deposited");
}
}
class MoneyOne implements Withdraw
{
static void MoneyByWithdraw()
{
System.out.println("Money is withdrawn");
}
}
public class Minterface
{
public static void main(String []args)
{
Money.MoneyByDeposit();
MoneyOne.MoneyByWithdraw();
}
}

Output:

 

Java Program to Multiply two Matrices

In this article i will you how to write a matrix multiplication program in Java. As a fresh graduate and for student this program feels difficult to understand. Here is our program in easy way. Take a look

In this program we will take three level nested loop is used to perform the multiplication.First, you have to ask the user to enter the number of rows and columns of the first matrix and then ask to enter the first matrix elements.Again ask the same for the second matrix. Then multiply two matrices and store the multiplication result inside the any variable say res and then print all the matrices as a result

Example:

import java.util.Scanner;
class MatrixExample
{
int m,n,p,q;
int[][] a;
int[][]b;
int[][]c;
public void readData()
{
int i,j;
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the order of the matrix A");
m=sc.nextInt();
n=sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter the order of the matrix B");
p=sc.nextInt();
q=sc.nextInt();
if(n!=p)
{
System.out.println("matrix order mismatch for multiplication");
System.exit(0);
}
a=new int[m][n];
b=new int[p][q];
c=new int[m][q];
System.out.println("enter the elements of Matrix A");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
System.out.printf("a[%d][%d]=",i,j);
a[i][j]=sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("\n");
}
System.out.println("enter the elements of Matrix B");
for(i=0;i<p;i++)
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
System.out.printf("b[%d][%d]=",i,j);
b[i][j]=sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("\n");
}
}
public void multiply()
{
for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
for(int j=0;j<q;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(int k=0;k<n;k++)
c[i][j]+=a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}
}
public void printMatrix()
{
for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j<q;j++)
System.out.printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
System.out.println("\n");
}
}
public static void main(String []args)
{
MatrixExample obj=new MatrixExample();
obj.readData();
obj.multiply();
System.out.println("The result of multiplication is ");
obj.printMatrix();
}
}

Output:

See also:

Java Program to Print Prime numbers between 1 to 100
Basic Java Programs

Common Interview Questions and Answers

In this post i am sharing top common Interview Questions and answers.Review these typical interview questions and answers about how you would answers them. These questions for all IT fields or non-IT field and for students also.

1) Tell me about yourself?

Ans: This is the most often asked question in any interview. You need to prepare short answer in your mind. Be sure don't answer like rehearsed this before attend the interview. Be prepare for short answer like work-related items and talk about things you have done in the job.You can also provide some work experience,technologies you have worked upon and educational qualification. If you are a fresh graduate,you can tell some information about your family also.

2) Why did you leave your last job?

Ans: For this question,you should stay positive regardless of the circumstances. Never speak ill of supervisors,co-workers or the organization.If you do you will be the one looking bad. Keep smiling and say some positive reasons such as an opportunity,a chance to do something special or other forward looking reasons.

3)What you have learned from mistakes on the job?
 
Ans: Honestly says, i have learned time management and plan the tasks. I also learned how to analyze and understand the requirements. Now, i am able to manage any stress in workplace.

4)What do you do to improve your Knowledge? 
Ans: In IT field is very revolutionary so you need to be updated about the new technological developments. In my opinion answer to say about blogs you visit,technical websites etc.. 

5) What is your dream job?

Ans: You shouldn't tell about specific job. you can say something like this: A job where i love the work,like the people,can contribute and can't wait to get to work.

6) How would be an asset to this organization?
 
Ans: To answer this question,in my opinion tell like as per my knowledge the growth of the organization is depends on collective effort. I would improve my knowledge regularly to become leader in my field. I will dedicate my work. So,definitely, i can say that i will part this organization for long term and will be good asset to your organization.

7) What would your previous supervisor say your strongest point is?

Ans: There are numerous good possibilities: Loyalty,Energy,Positive attitude,Leadership,Team player,Expertise,Initiative,Patience,Hard Work,Creativity and Problem Solver.

8) Do you Consider yourself successful?

Ans: You should always answer YES and briefly explain why. A good explanation is that you have set goals,and you have met some and are on track to achieve the others. 

9)What qualities do you look in a boss?
 
Ans: Be positive,a sense of humor,loyal to subordinates and holder of high standards. 

10) What is your Philosophy towards work?

Ans: The interviewer wants to know do you have strong feeling that the job gets done? so, state some positive points like Teamwork,motivation,unique,effort,leadership and learn from mistakes. Whatever you state that all those things shows benefit to the organization.

11) Tell me about a problem you had with a supervisor?
 
Ans:  This question is to test to see if you will speak ill of your boss. Don't say negative about boss, stay positive and develop a poor memory about any trouble with a supervisor.

12)Do you thing you are overqualified for this position?
 
Ans: Don't say YES, Since you applied for the job because of matching your skills. So, state that you are very well qualified for this position.

13)Tell me about a time when you helped resolve a dispute between others?
 
Ans: This was tricky !!! to answer this question should showcase your ability to take deliberate and relational approach to addressing workplace to conflict. So, Concentrate on your problem solving technique and not the dispute you settled.

14)What is your work style?
 
Ans: This is one of the among  the most favored behavioral interview question.Being thrown into a highly competitive environment owing to my job profile, I am adjustable to situations  throwing a highly challenging environment with a lot of pressure. So my work style always emphasized upon soaking up the pressure and delivering the project. 

15) Do you know anyone who works for us?

Ans: You should be aware of the policy on relatives working for the organization. This can affect your answer even though they asked about friends not relatives. Be careful to mention a friend only if they are well thought of.

16) What kind of salary do you need?

Ans: A nasty little game that you will probably lose if you answer first. So, do not answer it. instead,say something like,that's a tough question. In most cases,interviewer,taken off guard,will tell you,if not,say that it can depend on the details of the job.Then give a wide range.

17) What are your strengths and weakness?
 
Ans: The main purpose of asking to this question is to understand how much you know about yourself. In my opinion give answer to this question, list as many strengths as you can but briefly and one or two weakness.

18)Where do you see yourself after 5 years from now?
 
Ans: You could say confidently, i can see my self as being responsible person in this organization having right roles and responsibilities. I am sure that this organization can provide and offer me such growth opportunities to me. 

19)How would be an asset to this organization?
 
Ans: To answer this question,in my opinion tell like as per my knowledge the growth of the organization is depends on collective effort. I would improve my knowledge regularly to become leader in my field. I will dedicate my work. So,definitely, i can say that i will part this organization for long term and will be good asset to your organization.

20) Why should we hire you?

Ans: Point out how your assets meet what the organization needs. Do not mention any other candidates to make a camparison.

21)Why should i hire you from the outside when i could promote someone from within?
 
Ans: You could answer like yeah, you are right to promote someone from your organization. But sometimes give opportunity to outsider. Since, your employees can see only present aspect and routine thoughts,but as a outsider,we can see various aspects with fresh thoughts and ideas that would helps a lot. 

22)What is your greatest Accomplishment?
 
Ans: Honestly says, what you accomplish till date and talk about that exhibits how you will be a perfect fit for the company and for the position your are.

23)Are there any time you went beyond your current job?If so,how did you handle that to take up new challenges?
 
Ans: This is a bit tricky one, you could say, in current organization, i have been part of 4 years. Last year, we got project from one of the top organization. Then my manager asked me to take up that responsibility. I took that responsibility of initial prototype building. And i executed successfully with-in time limit. Users were felt happy with project outputs. Due to that today we got many projects from same client.I felt, so happy because i was in part of to add business and values to the organization. At the some time, i got appreciate and good bonus. It was great honour. 

24) Can you work under pressure?
 
Ans: Most of the time , the job of software development is that  of working under pressure. Sometimes,it will be the pressure of delivering on time while it can be that of a bug that has sprung all of a sudden in your code. So, expect pressure in everything you do. It is important to maintain your performance and develop to deliver under pressure. 

25)Have you ever fired anyone? How would you go about firing a person,if required?
 
Ans: The basic purpose of asking this question is to check your EQ and see if you have the guts to make tough decisions. If you have fired anyone in the past,discuss your experience and approach. If you have never done so in the past, discuss the approach you would take to make and implement such a decision. 

26)What position would you prefer while working on a project?
 
Ans:  This question is for you to answer based on the skills and qualities you have. If you have the capability to handle different positions,discuss that also in the interview.


27)What do you know about us?
 
Ans:  Research the company and its business a bit before appearing for the interview. Also, find out a bit about the technologies they work upon. You don't need to know everything inside out but having fair idea about the company makes you appear interested in the position,to be taken seriously. For example: I see that you company does lot of projects based on Open source platforms like JAVA, joomla which is  quite interesting as i have similar kind of experience.

28)who is your role model?
 
Ans: You can tell your role model as your choice...but my role model is my dad because i did not see up to now who worked so hard and still having time for his family.He always assist me like a friend, he used to share his experience and mistakes he did in his life so that we will not repeat them.Even though he had many problem he keeps his face smiley and never showed his odd behavior to our family. He put his whole life in working and never made us to look down.So, my dad is the world best father. 

29)What are your hobby?
 
Ans: My hobbies are solving puzzles specially sudoku,computer gaming,surfing the internet,drawing and i read books in my sparing time.

30)Do you have any question for me?

Ans: Always have some questions prepared where you will be asset to the organization are good. How soon will i be able to be productive? and what type of projects will i be able to assist are examples.

 
WATCH VIDEO for more information: Top Common Interview Questions






 









 




 
 

What is Java Bean with examples

In this post we will learn What is Java Bean and what are the advantages of Beans and why we use Beans in java. We will learn all these questions along with examples. A Java Bean is a java class that has been designed to be reusable in a variety of different environments.
The following are the charcaterstics that distinguish a Java Bean from other Java classes:

1) The Java Bean class must implement either Serializable or Externalizable
2) The Java Bean class must have no-arg contrustor
3)All Java Bean instance variables should be private
4)All Java Bean properties must have public setter and getter methods.


Why use Java Bean:

The Software industry has also been seeking the benefits of reusability and interoperability of a component based approach. That means Java Bean is reusable software component. For example, a Hardware Designers have a wide variety of components that can be integrated together to construct a System. Such as Resistors,capacitors and Integrated Circuits are more advanced functionality. All of these different parts can be reused. It is not necessary to build these capabilities each time a new system is needed. When a new version of a component becomes available,it should be easy to incorporate this functionality into existing code. So Java Bean provides just such an Architecture. That means Java Beans provides that an easy maintenance. 

Example:

class Employee implements Serializable{
private int Id;
private String name;
private int salary;
public Employee()
{
}
public Employee(String name,int salary)
{
this.name=name;
this.salary=salary;
}
public int getId()
{
return Id;
}
public void setId(int Id)
{
this.id=id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName()
{
this.name=name;
}
public int getSalary()
{
return salary;
}
public void setSalary()
{
this.salary=salary;
}
}

Note: In the above example you will find Employee class implements Serialization,since when deploying your projects across mulitple servers then employee class properties will be persisted and transferred across them.Because of Beans will be persisted and transferred across them.

Real time Scenario:

Java Beans are used throughout JAVA EE as a universal Contract. Java Server page(JSP) uses Java Beans as data transfer objects between pages or between servlets and Jsp's. Another example,Java Beans are are used for Integration Support for MIME data types into Java EE. 

To access all get and set the values of private variables(properties)we use public getter and setter methods as shown in the above example.